CHARACTERIZATION OF PETROLEUM USED IN THERMOELECTRIC PLANTS

Abstract

Introduction:
Cuban crude oil, as well as the various blends used in the power generation process at thermoelectric plants, is a crucial factor when evaluating its effects on steam generator efficiency. Therefore, its use requires a rigorous physicochemical characterization.
Objective:
To characterize the fuels employed in Cuban thermoelectric power plants by determining their physicochemical properties based on a historical series.
Materials and Methods:
For the characterization of the fuels used, the historical results of their physicochemical properties, available at the central laboratory of the thermoelectric power plant, are taken into account. These properties are determined according to ASTM-D standards for petroleum products. The collection of historical data is carried out from the fuel records in the central laboratory. Based on these data, descriptive statistics and the coefficient of variation are performed to determine which properties exceed 10%.
Results and Discussion:
For all fuels used, there is a great variability in almost all properties, many of which are above 10%, particularly for the composition in metals such as aluminum, silicon, sodium, and vanadium.
Conclusions:
The physicochemical properties of the fuels used exhibit considerable variability, affecting their quality. These characteristics lead to numerous operational challenges, including handling, transportation, and combustion, which must be considered in the operation of power generation units.