BIOREMEDIATION, SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT AND HYDROCARBON POLLUTION

Abstract

Introduction:
Bioremediation is an advanced and environmentally sustainable technology on a global scale that uses microorganisms to mitigate hydrocarbon pollution. Its application allows for the reuse of these waste materials and their transformation into usable products. Additionally, it facilitates the invention and implementation of innovative techniques to improve recycling and waste treatment processes. It generates an integrated approach to sustainability: economic development, social equity, and environmental protection.
Objective:
To analyze the mechanisms, types of bioremediation, and the integrative potential of its application, which represents an important step in environmental management and compliance with the regulatory framework in Cuba.
Materials and Methods:
No specific methodology was used; however, a Prisma-type review can be considered, which serves as support for systematic reviews.
Results and Discussion:
Technology transfer achieved by our country since the first decade of this century has allowed access to the knowledge associated with this technology from its inception worldwide, with subsequent contributions and achievements in research, application, and widespread use. Cost-effectiveness makes it an economically viable option for small- and large-scale cleanup projects.
Conclusions:
There is a need for control and enforcement of environmental regulations in Cuba to ensure the proper management of waste. Bioremediation is a reliable alternative for the conservation and sustainability of ecosystems affected by hydrocarbons.